If all preconditions are met, unpack the tar ball. If you wish, you can check the integrity of all files with non-ASCII characters with
md5sum -c tbook.md5
Adjust some paths in the Makefile, run make and then (as root) make install. You can pass LOCAL=... as an option to make and change the root of the installation. It's default value is local/. In particular, you can set it to the empty string.
After that, you will probably have to update TeX's file database, which depends on your TeX implementation. The program that does this may be called texhash or mktexlsr.